Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, an essential organ responsible for producing enzymes that aid in digestion and hormones like insulin that regulate blood sugar. The condition can be acute (sudden and severe) or chronic (long-lasting and recurring), affecting the pancreas’s ability to function properly. At Digestive System Healthcare, our expert team provides comprehensive care to diagnose and treat pancreatitis, helping patients restore their digestive health.
What Causes Pancreatitis?
Pancreatitis occurs when digestive enzymes activate prematurely and begin attacking the pancreas itself. Common causes include:
- Gallstones: These block the pancreatic duct, causing inflammation.
- Excessive alcohol consumption: A leading cause of chronic pancreatitis.
- High triglyceride levels: Elevated fats in the blood can lead to inflammation.
- Medications: Certain drugs may irritate the pancreas as a side effect.
- Infections or trauma: Pancreatic injuries or infections can trigger inflammation.
- Genetic predisposition: Inherited conditions like cystic fibrosis or genetic mutations.
What are the Symptoms of Pancreatitis?
Symptoms vary based on the type of pancreatitis:
Acute Pancreatitis:
- Severe upper abdominal pain that may radiate to the back
- Nausea and vomiting
- Fever
- Rapid heartbeat
- Tenderness in the abdomen
Chronic Pancreatitis:
- Persistent abdominal pain
- Weight loss despite a healthy appetite
- Fatty stools (pale, greasy, foul-smelling stools)
- Diabetes (due to impaired insulin production)
How is Pancreatitis Diagnosed?
Diagnosing pancreatitis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests:
- Medical history and physical exam: Evaluation of symptoms and risk factors.
- Blood tests: Elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes (amylase and lipase) can indicate inflammation.
- Imaging tests:
- CT scan, MRI, or ultrasound to detect inflammation, gallstones, or damage.
- Endoscopic ultrasound for detailed imaging.
- Stool tests: Assess fat levels in stool, indicating chronic pancreatitis.
What are the Treatment Options for Pancreatitis?
Treatment for pancreatitis depends on its severity and underlying cause:
- Hospitalization: Severe acute pancreatitis may require IV fluids, pain management, and nutritional support.
- Lifestyle modifications:
- Avoid alcohol and smoking.
- Adopt a low-fat diet to reduce stress on the pancreas.
- Medications:
- Pain relievers to manage abdominal discomfort.
- Enzyme supplements to aid digestion in chronic cases.
- Surgical interventions:
- Gallstone removal if gallstones are the cause.
- Drainage of fluid collections or damaged tissue.
- Treatment of complications: Address diabetes or nutritional deficiencies if they arise.